Michael Scharkow

Publications

02/2026

Journal articles

Meltzer, C. E., Scharkow, M., & Jürgens, P. (2025). Beyond the Beat: The Representation of Women in Music Videos Across Genres Over Four Decades. Computational Communication Research, 7(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5117/CCR2025.1.11.MELT

Schnauber-Stockmann, A., Scharkow, M., Karnowski, V., Naab, T. K., Schlütz, D., & Pressmann, P. (2025). Distinguishing Person-Specific from Situation-Specific Variation in Media Use: A Meta-Analysis. Communication Research, 52(2), 143–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241262664

Scharkow, M., & Trepte, S. (2024). National Diversity at Conferences of The International Communication Association. Annals of the International Communication Association, 48(1), 17–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2023.2261018

Braun, M., Heintz, L., Kruschinski, S., Trepte, S., & Scharkow, M. (2023). Gender diversity at academic conferences—the case of the International Communication Association. Journal of Communication, 73(6), 601–615. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqad032

Hase, V., Boczek, K., & Scharkow, M. (2023). Adapting to Affordances and Audiences? A Cross-Platform, Multi-Modal Analysis of the Platformization of News on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. Digital Journalism, 11(8), 1499–1520. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2022.2128389

Schnauber-Stockmann, A., Scharkow, M., & Breuer, J. (2023). Routines and the Predictability of Day-to-Day Web Use. Media Psychology, 26(3), 229–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2022.2121286

Jürgens, P., Meltzer, C. E., & Scharkow, M. (2022). Age and Gender Representation on German TV: A Longitudinal Computational Analysis. Computational Communication Research, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.5117/CCR2022.1.005.JURG

Mangold, F., & Scharkow, M. (2022). Metrics of News Audience Polarization: Same or Different? Communication Methods and Measures, 16(3), 157–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2022.2085249

Mangold, F., Stier, S., Breuer, J., & Scharkow, M. (2022). The overstated generational gap in online news use? A consolidated infrastructural perspective. New Media & Society, 24(10), 2207–2226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821989972

Stier, S., Mangold, F., Scharkow, M., & Breuer, J. (2022). Post Post-Broadcast Democracy? News Exposure in the Age of Online Intermediaries. American Political Science Review, 116(2), 768–774. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055421001222

Winkler, Y., Bachl, M., & Scharkow, M. (2022). Individual users’ participation on political Facebook pages. Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media, 2.

Shaw, A., Scharkow, M., & Wang, Z. J. (2021). Opening a Conversation on Open Communication Research. Journal of Communication, 71(5), 677–685. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqab033

Fähnrich, B., Vogelgesang, J., & Scharkow, M. (2020). Evaluating universities’ strategic online communication: How do Shanghai Ranking’s top 50 universities grow stakeholder engagement with Facebook posts? Journal of Communication Management, 24(3), 265–283. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-06-2019-0090

Mangold, F., & Scharkow, M. (2020). How Do Filtering Choices Impact the Structures of Audience Networks? A Simulation Study Using Data from 26 Countries. Communication Methods and Measures, 14(2), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2020.1724274

Peter, C., Breuer, J., Masur, P. K., Scharkow, M., & Schwarzenegger, C. (2020). Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten in der Kommunikationswissenschaft – AG Forschungsdaten im Auftrag des Vorstands der DGPuK. SCM Studies in Communication and Media, 9(4), 599–626. https://doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2020-4-599

Scharkow, M., Mangold, F., Stier, S., & Breuer, J. (2020). How social network sites and other online intermediaries increase exposure to news. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(6), 2761–2763. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918279117

Trepte, S., Scharkow, M., & Dienlin, T. (2020). The privacy calculus contextualized: The influence of affordances. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.022

Scharkow, M. (2019). The Reliability and Temporal Stability of Self-reported Media Exposure: A Meta-analysis. Communication Methods and Measures, 13(3), 198–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2019.1594742

Trepte, S., Masur, P. K., & Scharkow, M. (2018). Mutual friends’ social support and self-disclosure in face-to-face and instant messenger communication. The Journal of Social Psychology, 158(4), 430–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2017.1398707

Bachl, M., & Scharkow, M. (2017). Correcting Measurement Error in Content Analysis. Communication Methods and Measures, 11(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2017.1305103

Festl, R., Vogelgesang, J., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2017). Longitudinal patterns of involvement in cyberbullying: Results from a Latent Transition Analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 66, 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.027

Mangold, F., Vogelgesang, J., & Scharkow, M. (2017). Nachrichtennutzung in Deutschland. Eine nutzerzentrierte Repertoireanalyse. Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, 65(4). https://doi.org/10.5771/1615-634X-2017-4-704

Scharkow, M., & Bachl, M. (2017). How Measurement Error in Content Analysis and Self-Reported Media Use Leads to Minimal Media Effect Findings in Linkage Analyses: A Simulation Study. Political Communication, 34(3), 323–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2016.1235640

Masur, P. K., & Scharkow, M. (2016). Disclosure Management on Social Network Sites: Individual Privacy Perceptions and User-Directed Privacy Strategies. Social Media & Society, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305116634368

Scharkow, M. (2016). The Accuracy of Self-Reported Internet Use. A Validation Study Using Client Log Data. Communication Methods and Measures, 10(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2015.1118446

Breuer, J., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2015). Sore losers? A reexamination of the frustration-aggression hypothesis for colocated video game play. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 4(2), 126–137. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000020

Festl, R., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2015). The Individual or the Group: A Multilevel Analysis of Cyberbullying in School Classes. Human Communication Research, 41(4), 535–556. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12056

Scharkow, M., Festl, R., Vogelgesang, J., & Quandt, T. (2015). Beyond the core-gamer: Genre preferences and gratifications in computer games. Computers in Human Behavior, 44, 293–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.020

Trepte, S., Masur, P. K., Scharkow, M., & Dienlin, T. (2015). Privatheitsbedürfnisse verschiedener Kommunikationstypen on- und offline: Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Studie zum Umgang mit persönlichen Inhalten. Media Perspektiven, 5, 250–257.

Breuer, J., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2014). Tunnel Vision or Desensitization? The Effect of Interactivity and Frequency of Use on the Perception and Evaluation of Violence in Digital Games. Journal of Media Psychology, 26(4), 176–188. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000122

Elson, M., Mohseni, M. R., Breuer, J., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2014). Press CRTT to measure aggressive behavior: The unstandardized use of the competitive reaction time task in aggression research. Psychological Assessment, 26(2), 419–432. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035569

Scharkow, M., Festl, R., & Quandt, T. (2014). Longitudinal patterns of problematic computer game use among adolescents and adults - a 2-year panel study. Addiction, 109(11), 1910–1917. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12662

Festl, R., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2013). Militaristic Attitudes and the Use of Digital Games. Games and Culture, 8(6), 392–407. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412013493498

Festl, R., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2013). Peer Influence, Internet use and Cyberbullying: A Comparison of Different Context Effects among German Adolescents. Journal of Children and Media, 7(4), 446–462. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2013.781514

Günther, E., & Scharkow, M. (2013). Recycled media. An automated evaluation of news outlets in the twenty-first century. Digital Journalism, 2(4), 524–541. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.850207

Hasan, Y., Begue, L., Scharkow, M., & Bushman, B. J. (2013). The more you play, the more aggressive you become: A long-term experimental study of cumulative violent video game effects on hostile expectations and aggressive behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49(2), 224–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.10.016

Hayes, A. F., & Scharkow, M. (2013). The Relative Trustworthiness of Inferential Tests of the Indirect Effect in Statistical Mediation Analysis: Does Method Really Matter? Psychological Science, 24(10), 1918–1927. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613480187

Mahrt, M., & Scharkow, M. (2013). The Value of Big Data in Digital Media Research. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 57(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2012.761700

Quandt, T., Breuer, J., Festl, R., & Scharkow, M. (2013). Digitale Spiele: Stabile Nutzung in einem dynamischen Markt. Media Perspektiven, 10(2013), 483–492.

Scharkow, M. (2013). Thematic content analysis using supervised machine learning: An empirical evaluation using German online news. Quality & Quantity, 47(2), 761–773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-011-9545-7

Festl, R., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2012). Problematic computer game use among adolescents, younger and older adults. Addiction, 108(3), 592–599. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12016

Pape, T. von, Quandt, T., Scharkow, M., & Vogelgesang, J. (2012). Nachrichtengeographie des Zuschauerinteresses. Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, Sonderheft Grenzüberscheitende Kommunikation, 159–182.

Vogelgesang, J., & Scharkow, M. (2012). Reliabilitätstests in Inhaltsanalysen. Publizistik, 57(3), 333–345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11616-012-0154-9

Quandt, T., Festl, R., & Scharkow, M. (2011). Digitales Spielen – Medienunterhaltung im Mainstream. Media Perspektiven, 9, 414–422.

Scharkow, M., & Vogelgesang, J. (2011). Measuring the Public Agenda using Search Engine Queries. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 23(1), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edq048

Scharkow, M. (2011). Zur Verknüpfung manueller und automatischer Inhaltsanalyse durch maschinelles Lernen. Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, 59(4), 545–562. https://doi.org/10.5771/1615-634x-2011-4-545

Festl, R., Quandt, T., & Scharkow, M. (2010). Digitales Spielen als mediale Unterhaltung. Eine Repräsentativstudie zur Nutzung von Computer-und Videospielen in Deutschland. Media Perspektiven, 11(2010), 515–522.

Scharkow, M., & Vogelgesang, J. (2010). Effects of domestic media use on European integration. Communications, 35(1), 73–91. https://doi.org/10.1515/comm.2010.004

Suckfüll, M., & Scharkow, M. (2009). Modes of reception for fictional films. Communications, 34(4), 361–384. https://doi.org/10.1515/comm.2009.023

Book chapters

Bachl, M., & Scharkow, M. (2019). Some suggestions on dealing with measurement error in linkage analyses. In C. Peter, T. Naab, & R. Kühne (Eds.), Measuring Media Use and Exposure: Recent Developments and Challenges. Halem.

Scharkow, M., & Bachl, M. (2019). Stable Attitudes and Behaviors as Boundary Conditions of Reinforcing Spirals Models. In P. Müller, S. Geiss, C. Schemer, T. Naab, & C. Peter (Eds.), Dynamische Prozesse der öffentlichen Kommunikation: Methodische Herausforderungen. Halem.

Scheu, A., Vogelgesang, J., & Scharkow, M. (2018). Qualitative Textanalyse. Blaupause und Potenziale (teil-)automatisierter Verfahren. In A. Scheu (Ed.), Auswertung qualitativer Daten. Springer VS.

Scharkow, M. (2017). Bootstrapping. In J. Matthes, C. Davis, & R. Potter (Eds.), The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0017

Scharkow, M. (2017). Content Analysis, Automatic. In J. Matthes, C. Davis, & R. Potter (Eds.), The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0043

Vogelgesang, J., & Scharkow, M. (2017). Bayesian Statistics. In J. Matthes, C. Davis, & R. Potter (Eds.), The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0013

Trepte, S., & Scharkow, M. (2016). Friends and Live-Savers: How Social Capital and Social Support Received in Media Environments Contribute to Well-Being. In L. Reinecke & M. B. Oliver (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Media Use and Well-Being (pp. 304–316). Routledge.

Bachl, M., & Scharkow, M. (2015). Eine quantitative Bestandsaufnahme von Informationen über Krankheiten auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia, 2002-2014. In E. Baumann & M. Hastall (Eds.), Gesundheitskommunikation im gesellschaftlichen Wandel (pp. 93–104). Nomos. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845264677-93

Pape, T. von, & Scharkow, M. (2015). Twitter, un media pour la communication transfrontaliere des evenements locaux? Une approche empirique exploratoire. In V. Goulet & C. Vatter (Eds.), Grenzüberschreitende Informationsflüsse und Medien in der Großen Region SaarLorLux. La circulation transfrontaliere des informations mediatiques dans la Grande Region SaarLorLux (pp. 105–124). Nomos Verlag. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845263274-105

Scharkow, M., & Vogelgesang, J. (2015). Diagnose und Korrektur von Messfehlern in inhaltsanalytischen Daten. In W. Wirth, K. Sommer, M. Wettstein, & J. Matthes (Eds.), Qualitätskriterien in der Inhaltsanalyse (pp. 204–217). Halem.

Günther, E., & Scharkow, M. (2014). Automatisierte Datenbereinigung bei Inhalts- und Linkanalysen von Online-Nachrichten. In K. Sommer, M. Wettstein, W. Wirth, & J. Matthes (Eds.), Automatisierung der Inhaltsanalyse (pp. 111–126). Halem.

Mahrt, M., & Scharkow, M. (2014). Der Wert von Big Data für die Erforschung digitaler Medien. In R. Reichert (Ed.), Big Data. Analysen zum digitalen Wandel von Wissen, Macht und ökonomie. Transcript Verlag. https://doi.org/10.14361/transcript.9783839425923.221

Quandt, T., Festl, R., & Scharkow, M. (2014). Pathologische Formen der Online-Kommunikation: Exzessive Nutzung von Social Media und Online Games. In K. Hurrelmann & E. Baumann (Eds.), Handbuch Gesundheitskommunikation. Huber.

Scharkow, M. (2013). Automatische Inhaltsanalyse. In W. Möhring & D. Schlütz (Eds.), Handbuch standardisierte Erhebungsverfahren in der Kommunikationswissenschaft (pp. 289–306). Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-18776-1_16

Domahidi, E., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2012). Real friends and virtual life? Computer games as foci of activity for social community building. In P. Moy (Ed.), Communication and community (pp. 149–169). Hampton Press.

Vogelgesang, J., & Scharkow, M. (2011). Messung der Publikumsagenda mittels Nutzungsstatistiken von Suchmaschinenanfragen. In O. Jandura, T. Quandt, & J. Vogelgesang (Eds.), Methoden der Journalismusforschung (pp. 299–313). Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-93131-9_17

Bleuel, F., Scharkow, M., Suckfüll, M., & Marks, G. (2010). Form follows function? Eine Onlinesortierstudie zur Rezeption von Filmplakaten. In J. Woelke, M. Maurer, & O. Jandura (Eds.), Forschungsmethoden für die Markt-und Organisationskommunikation (pp. 42–60). Halem.

Scharkow, M. (2010). Crowdsourcing von Inhaltsanalysen im World Wide Web? In N. Jackob, T. Zerback, O. Jandura, & M. Maurer (Eds.), Methoden der Online-Forschung: Das Internet als Forschungsinstrument und -gegenstand der Kommunikationswissenschaft (pp. 301–315). Halem.

Scharkow, M. (2010). Lesen und lesen lassen. Zum State of the Art automatischer Textanalyse. In M. Welker & C. Wünsch (Eds.), Die Online-Inhaltsanalyse (pp. 340–364). Halem.

Scharkow, M. (2008). Mediennutzung und europäische Integration. In E. Aydin, M. Begenat, C. Michalek, J. Schemann, & I. Stefes (Eds.), Düsseldorfer Forum Politische Kommunikation (pp. 271–290). LIT.

Monograph

Scharkow, M. (2012). Automatische Inhaltsanalyse und maschinelles Lernen [Automatic content analysis and machine learning]. epubli.